2023 B - Multiple Choice Questions

Choose the correct sequence of G protein coupled receptor activation
  1. Activated GPCR binds trimeric G-protein → interaction of G protein with receptor forms Gβγ → Gβγ binds and activates phospholipase C beta (PLCβ) → PLCβ catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) → IP3 opens calcium channels in the endoplasmic reticulum → cytosolic calcium ion levels increase → increased cytosolic calcium and DAG activate PKC
  2. Activated GPCR binds trimeric G-protein → interaction of G protein with receptor forms Gα-GTP → Gα-GTP binds and activates PLCβ → PLCβ catalyzes the hydrolysis of PIP2 to DAG and IP3 → DAG opens calcium channels in the endoplasmic reticulum → cytosolic calcium ion levels increase  → increased cytosolic calcium and IP3 activate PKC
  3. Activated GPCR binds trimeric G-protein → interaction of G protein with receptor forms Gα-GTP → Gα-GTP binds and activates PLCβ → PLCβ catalyzes the hydrolysis of PIP2 to DAG and IP3 → IP3 closes calcium channels in the endoplasmic reticulum → cytosolic calcium ion levels decrease → decreased cytosolic calcium and DAG activate PKC
  4. Activated GPCR binds trimeric G-protein → interaction of G protein with receptor forms Gα-GTP → Gα-GTP binds and activates PLCβ → PLCβ catalyzes the hydrolysis of PIP2 to DAG and IP3 → IP3 opens calcium channels in the endoplasmic reticulum → cytosolic calcium ion levels increase → increased cytosolic calcium and DAG activate PKC
Compared to hydrocortisone, what is the ratio of anti inflammatory action of fludrocortisone
  1. 0
  2. 0.3
  3. 10
  4. 35
Which drug has the most affinity for MOP opioid receptors
  1. Fentanyl
  2. Morphine
  3. Buprenorphine
  4. Alfentanil
Octreotide is similar to
  1. Gastrin
  2. Ghrelin
  3. Secretin
  4. Somatostatin
The parietal cells in the stomach secrete
  1. Intrinsic factor
  2. Gastrin
  3. Pepsinogen
  4. Histamine
Calculate the oxygen content of Hb 100 spO2 100 Huffner constant 1.34 and pO2 100, 1kPa is equal to _ mmHg?
  1. 13.7
  2. 0.75
  3. 7.5
  4. 750
Which interface has the least reflection as it relates to ultrasound?
  1. Air:Water
  2. Bone:Muscle
  3. Air:Bone
  4. Muscle:Fat
Which equation best describes the SVR equation?
  1. MAP – CVP/CO
  2. CO/MAP – CVP
  3. CO/ CVP – MAP
  4. CVP – MAP/CO
Which is most dependent on Hoffman elimination?
  1. Cisatracurium
  2. Suxamethonium
  3. Rocuronium
  4. Vecuronium
Which has the most risk of anaphylaxis?
  1. Suxamethonium
  2. Rocuronium
  3. Pancuronium
  4. Cisatracurium
In lead III of the ECG, where are the positive and negative electrodes?
  1. Left arm and right leg
  2. Left arm and left leg
  3. Right arm and right leg
  4. Right arm and left leg
Which constant relates to hepatic enzyme
  1. Michaelis constant
  2. Time constant
  3. Equilibrium constant
  4. Excretion rate constant
Vibrio is a
  1. Gram positive cocci
  2. Gram positive rod
  3. Gram negative cocci
  4. Gram negative rod
Which is most reduced in obesity?
  1. Residual volume
  2. Tidal volume
  3. Closing capacity
  4. Functional residual capacity
What is the SpO2 in fetal IVC?
  1. 74%
  2. 80%
  3. 88%
  4. 67%
Compared to the resting state, which is true of the cardiac cycle during exercise?
  1. Even though heart rate increase, systole and diastole remain the same
  2. Systole remains the same but diastole decreases
  3. Systole increases and diastole remains the same
  4. Both systole and diastole decrease, but there is a greater decrease in diastole
If patient has marked reduction FVC and FEV1/FVC > 0.8, their defect is
  1. Mixed obstructive and restrictive
  2. Obstructive
  3. Restrictive
  4. Fixed obstruction
The factor with the shortest half life
  1. Factor II
  2. Factor IX
  3. Factor VII
  4. Protein C
Compared to FFP, Cryodeplete plasma has less
  1. vWF
  2. Thrombin
  3. Factor VII
  4. Antithrombin III
Alteplase and tenecteplase differ in
  1. Affinity for fibrin
  2. Prolonged clearance
  3. Safety profile
  4. Bioavailability