22A02: Explain the mechanisms of transport of substances across cell membranes including appropriate examples (75% marks). Outline the structure and function of the Na+/K+-ATPase pump (25% marks)
22A05: Write short notes on the pharmacology of labetalol and esmolol, highlighting their differences
22A16: Outline the impact of sedative agents on thermoregulation (40%) and describe the physiological effects of a low body temperature (60%)
22A17: Write notes on: 1. The principles of ultrasound, 2. Transducer properties and image resolution, 3. The Doppler effect
22A11: Outline the structure and function of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (25% marks). Discuss the pharmacology of ketamine (75% marks)
21B18: Outline the neural pathways for the pupillary light, corneal, oculomotor and gag reflexes. The anatomical course of nerves is NOT required
21B07: Outline how the measurement of the following can be used in the assessment of liver function (25% marks of each) • Albumin • PT • Glucose • Ammonia
21B19: Outline the process of fibrinolysis (40% marks). Write short notes on the indications, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics and side effects of tranexamic acid (60% marks)
21B05: Write detailed notes on angiotensin, including its synthesis, role within the body and regulation
21B10: Describe the ventilation / perfusion (V/Q) relationships in the upright lung according to West’s zones (40%). Explain the physiological mechanisms responsible for these relationships (60%)
21B20: Describe the physical principles of haemodialysis and haemofiltration, including the factors affecting clearance (80% marks). Outline the key components of renal replacement fluids (20% marks)
21B17: Explain the components of an ECG (electrocardiogram) monitor (70% marks). Outline the methods employed to reduce artefact (30% marks)