2019 - Multiple Choice Questions

What is the mechanism of action of ondansetron?
  1. Anticholinergic
  2. Antihistamine
  3. Dopamine (D2) antagonist
  4. Serotonin (5-HT3) antagonist
Which receptor does hyoscine act on?
  1. 5-HT3
  2. Dopamine D2
  3. Muscarinic
  4. Neurokinin 1
What is the optimal temperature range for stored platelets?
  1. ≦-25°C
  2. 2 to 6°C
  3. 10 to 15°C
  4. 20 to 24°C
Regarding its effect on neurotransmitter function, neostigmine:
  1. Blocks catecholamine reuptake by nerve terminals
  2. Inhibits acetylcholine release
  3. Inhibits monoamine oxidase function
  4. Inhibits the action of acetylcholinesterase
Which of the following is IRRELEVANT when calculating a loading dose?
  1. Body weight
  2. Desired concentration
  3. Renal function
  4. Volume of distribution
What is the MAXIMAL urine concentration that a healthy kidney can achieve?
  1. 400 to 600 mOsm/L
  2. 800 to 1000 mOsm/L
  3. 1200 to 1400 mOsm/L
  4. 1600 to 1800 mOsm/L
Which of the following Is a colligative property?
  1. Freezing point depression
  2. Humidity
  3. Molecular weight
  4. Temperature
Which of the following opiates has the HIGHEST lipid solubility?
  1. Alfentanll
  2. Fentanyl
  3. Morphine
  4. Remlfentanll
Which of the following events occurs during swallowing?
  1. Adduction of the vocal cords
  2. Glossopharyngeal nerve Is simulated
  3. Nasopharynx opens
  4. Respiration Is increased
Adduction of the vocal cords Glossopharyngeal nerve is simulated
Regarding cerebrospinal fluid (CSF):
  1. About 150 ml Is produced per day
  2. It has a lower chloride concentration compared to plasma much higher Cl than plasma ?bc no plasma proteins
  3. It has a lower pH compared to plasma
  4. The normal volume Is about 500 ml
*** The pulmonary vessels contain approximately
  1. 5% of blood volume
  2. 10% of blood volume
  3. 20% of blood volume
  4. 25% of blood volume
The mechanism of action of prostacyclin as a pulmonary vasodilator is:
  1. Activation of adenyl cyclase Increasing Intracellular cAMP
  2. Activation of guanylate cyclase Increasing cGMP
  3. Inhibition of adenyl cyclase reducing cGMP
  4. Inhibition of phosphodlesterase-5
The volume that best represents the Inspiratory capacity in a healthy adult is:
  1. 7 ml/kg
  2. 15 to 20 ml/kg
  3. 30 ml/kg
  4. 50 ml/kg
Which of the following stores the GREATEST amount of oxygen?
  1. Oxygen combined with haemoglobin
  2. Oxygen combined with myoglobin
  3. Oxygen dissolved in the tissues
  4. Oxygen stored within the functional residual capacity (FRC)
Oxygen combined with haemoglobin 900ml of blood in HbO2 HbO2 = 18 ml Hb dissolved = 2-3ml
Which of the following body compartments CANNOT be directly measured?
  1. Blood volume
  2. Interstitial fluid volume
  3. Plasma volume
  4. Total body water
Regarding bronchial muscle tone, which statement is correct?
    1. Beta 2 adrenoreceptor stimulation and muscarinic cholinergic stimulation both decrease bronchial tone
    2. Beta 2 adrenoreceptor stimulation and muscarinic cholinergic stimulation both increase bronchial tone
    3. Beta 2 adrenoreceptor stimulation decreases tone and muscarinic cholinergic stimulation increases bronchial tone
    4. Beta 2 adrenoreceptor stimulation increases tone and muscarinic cholinergic stimulation decreases bronchial tone
What best describes the functional residual capacity (FRC)?
  1. The FRC is approximately 10 ml/kg in a normal healthy adult and varies with training
  2. The FRC is composed of the inspiratory reserve volume and the closing capacity and varies with effort
  3. The FRC is measured by spirometry or pneumotachography and varies with temperature
  4. The FRC is the point of no flow at the end of a tidal breath
Which is the MOST important mechanism of heat loss from the body of a naked person at a normal ICU room temperature of 21°C?
  1. Conduction
  2. Convection
  3. Evaporation
  4. Radiation
Which of the following morphine metabolites has neuro-excitatory effects?
  1. Morphine-1-glucuronide
  2. Morphine-3-glucuronide
  3. Morphine-6-glucuronide
  4. Nor-morphine
What is the respiratory quotient of fat?
  1. 0.1
  2. 0.3
  3. 0.7
  4. 1.0 CHO